Nicholas cooper



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

N. COOPER, Jr., T. MOOONNEL v W. E. LUKENS.

MACHINE FOR BREAKING STONE FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAOADAMIZING ROADS ANDOTHER PURPOSES.

No. 1,660. Patented June 27, 1840.

2 Sheets-Sheet '2.

N. COOPER, Jr., T. MOGONNEL 8v W. E. LUKENS.

MACHINE FOR BREAKING STONE FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAOADAMIZING ROADS ANDOTHER PURPOSES. No. 1,660. v Patented June 27, 1840.

iii ism PATENT OFFICE.

NICHOLAS COOPER, an, AND TOWNSEND MOCONNEL, or WHEELING TOWNSHIP,

BELMONT COUNTY, AND WM. E. LUKENS, or SHORT GREEK, OHIO.

MACHINE FOR BREAKING STONE FOR PURPOSE OF MAGADAMIZING ROADS, AND FOROTHER PURPOSES.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 1,660, dated June 27, 1840.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, NICHOLAS COOPER,

Jr., and TOWNSEND MGCONNEL, of VVheel-' ing township, Belmont county,and State of Ohi0,and lVM. E. LUKENS, of Short Creek, Harrison county,and State aforesaid, have invented a new and useful Machine for BreakingStone for the Construction of to the annexed drawings of the same,making part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a cross sectionat the line 00 w of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of the rear end of themachine, the end ties and board being omitted in order to show theseveral parts. Figs. 4 and 5 another description of cylinder withswinging hammers. Fig. 1 is an end view and Fig. 5 a side view.

Similar letters refer to similar parts in the several figures.

De.s'c'ripti0n.The machine consist-s of the following principal parts,viz: the frame, the cylinder, the grate, the battery, the feeding plane,and the cap or hopper.

The following is the size and construction of a machine adapted to afour horse power. The machine however may be varied to suit any power.

Part 1st, the frame, consists of four posts A of suitable sizesay 4inches by 5-two of which are 5 feet high the remaining two 4: feet 9inches, being 3 inches shorter, in order that the battery B, which reststhereon, may not rise higher than the top of the other posts. These areconnected by four sideties C of the same size and 3 feet 6 inches longbetween the tenons (the two uppermost on which the cylinder rests) beingplaced 2 feet from their upper surface to the bottom of the machine, theother two at any convenient distance below; also four end ties D of thesame size and 2 feet 1 inch between the tenons, the two front ones atthe height of 19 and 38 inches from the bottom, the twoback ones at theheight of 14 and 30 inches, respectively. The spaces between the twoside ties on each side are filled with plank E 2 inches thick andrabbeted into the corner posts at each end. The spaces above the tiesare also filled with plank two inches thick and inserted into the.corner posts by plow:

and groove in such a manner that they may be easily drawn out. Thenwholeis bound together by bolts of iron F, two running lengthwise and sixcrosswise of the frame.

Part 2nd, the cylinders: This consists of an axle Gr, 2 inches indiameter, on which are fastened two strong metal heads H, 14 inches.

in diameter, having four holes drilled in each. On these areplaced fourmetal staves. I, 2 1%. niches long, 2 inches thick, and of such a widthas for each tov form one fourthof' the circumference of the cylinder.These are fastened to the heads by bolts passing through, holescorresponding with those inthe heads and by two strong iron bands (I, Fig. 3, received in rabbets formed for the purpose on each end of thecylinder. Along the center of each stave are four rectangular hol'es 2.inches long and 11}. inches wide at the surface and somewhat less at theinner.

side of the stave in which the hammers, K

are inserted. The hammers K are 2:1 inches wide, 11}- inches thick atthe base, and about '1 inch at the point and rise about 4 inches fromthe surface of the cylinder, having the front edge faced with steel andof an oval shape. They are inserted into the staves. at. an inclinationbackward of 15 degrees from. the center of the cylinder and are firmlyfastened by means of a key passing through the,

shank on the inside of the stave. At the back of each hammer is atriangular brace L, molded with the stave, rising about 3% inches fromthe surface and extending from the base of the hammer to the edge of thestave, against which the hammer .restsfor additional security. Thehammers are so arranged that those only whichare on opposite sides ofthe cylinder run in the same orbit or circle. The most suitable velocityis about 350 revolutions of the cylinder per minute.

Part 3rd, the gate M: This is situated in' front of the cylinder and isformed of straight bars of iron, one half inch thick and one and threefourths or two inches wide, having their inner edge laid with steel toprevent its wearing and extending from the battery B down to somedistance below the center of the cylinder at an inclination from theperpendicular of about 35 degrees, the ends being inserted into piecesof metal made fast to the sides of the frame.

The

bars of the grate should be placed at such a distance from the pointsofthehammers and from each other as to allow the stone' to pass. out ofthe machine when sufficiently broken and not before.'

Part 4th, the battery, is a rectangular. plate 13,24 by 28 inchesv andthree inches thick, placed on the topof the frame to stop the stones asthey are thrown up andcause .them 'to fall back on the hammers, theunder; a side being plain, or set with knobs, or pros jections of thesize and shape of half a i hens egg to'facilitate the operation ofbreakj ing. It is held in its placeby bolts N, pass-' ing from the topto the bottom of the frame.

4 Part 5th, the feeding plane. This is situated directly over the"cylinder and consists of a plate of rolled or cast iron O, having aninclination of45 degrees, over whichthe stones pass from the hopper Ptofall upon the revolving hammers, and having attached to it bars 'Q,ofiron, passing downward-between the hammers, so as to prevent the stonefrom touching the body of thecylinder. The bars have such a curvaturethat they always form an obtuse angle with the face of the hammersthereby removing all liability of the stones being caught between the.bars and hammers. V

Part 6th, the cap or hopper P: This is merely an addition to thefeedingplane, and consists oftwo planks pp, 3 feet long, 10

inches wide, and 2 inches thick,.eXtending lengthwise of the frame fromthe middle of the battery to the back part of the frame, connected bytwo planes R, inclines to 45 degrees in the opposite directionfrom thatof the feeding plane, with which one of them" forms a right angle(nearly) so thereby .pre-

venting the stone being thrown out by the hammers; The other liesdirectly over the battery, and forms withthe sides a kind of hopper P,into which the stones are thrown.

It is fastened on by small iron bars extending down thesides and boltedthrough the sides ofthe frame. 7

Every part of the machine exposed to the action of the stones must becovered with a thick sheet,or boiler iron. V

The following is a description of a cylinder with flexible hammers,which insome respects is preferable to that before described. and may besubstituted therefor; it is this: Having'onfa wrought ironshaftGr, Fig.'4: a suflicient number -of cast iron rings h, about 18 inchesin-diameter and 1?}- wide .(each' ring beingbanded with "wrought ironbands)- to make thedesired length of the 'cylinderby leaving an inchspace between them. The"hammersgareplaced in these spaces and are heldin their places by rods 1" of iron" inch in diameter which pass throughthem from one endof the cylinder to theyother immediately under the rimof the ringsand through ears amolded in the angles between the rim andthe arms, [a hammer ,K being placedin every other space on each rod.That part [of the hammer which presents itself outside the cylinderismade in the same form as the stationary ones, with theexceptionoftheir being one inch instead of one and a half inches thick The hammersswing looseon therods and are thrown out by centrifugal force.

Operation; The stones to be broken are thrown into the hopper on the topof the machine, pass thence along the feeding plane to fall on therevolving hammers, which .move in such amanner as to strike the stonesupward, throwing them against the battery, their escapebeing, preventedby a grate in front of the cylindersuntil they are broken. sufficientlysmalltop'ass between the bars or at-the point of the hammers fromwhencethey are conducted to the rear end of the machine byan inclined board 8,Figs. 1, 2,

and 3.

M and battery B forthe pur WMLEJLUKENS."

